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Author: Yingying Zhu, Partner at BEIJING MINGDUN LAW FIRMEmail: zhu.yingying@mdlaw.cnDate: November 18, 2025IntroductionOne of our clients wrote to me recently and asked: “Hi Yingying, we need to transfer our customers’ data to some of our overseas suppliers for processing and have done all the notification work and obtained the consent, but one of the suppliers was reluctant to sign the agreement that you suggested for us, the one with the China standard contractual clauses, and insisted that they would rather use their own template of agreement. What should we do? Are the...
2025
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author：Yanling Liu For technologies companies evolving from startups to medium-sized or large enterprises-a journey typically spanning five to ten years-effective patent portfolio management becomes an unavoidable critical task. This challenge also resonates with research institutions and university research centers. Patent portfolios have emerged as a core strategic asset in today’s innovation-driven landscape, however the cost for patent maintenance and patent prosecution is not insignificant. Cost-effective patent portfolio management is a necessity for every o...
2025
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Author: Yingying Zhu, Partner at BEIJING MINGDUN LAW FIRMEmail: zhu.yingying@mdlaw.cnDate: March 18, 2025 IntroductionUnder the Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (the “PIPL”), “Personal Information handlers1 (the “PI handlers”) shall audit on a regular basis the compliance of their processing of ‘personal information’ (the “PI”) with laws and administrative regulations2.” The PIPL further regulates that “Where the authorities finds that there are relatively large risks in PI processing activities or any PI s...
2025
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The illegal business turnover is an important basis for administrative penalties in trademark infringement cases, but the current law does not have a clear definition of the concept of illegal business turnover or specific calculation methods. To clarify and refine the rules for calculating the illegal business turnover, strengthen the guidance of trademark administrative law enforcement, unify enforcement standards, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of trademark owners, the China National Intellectual Property Administration and the State Market Reg...
2024
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Author: Yingying Zhu, Partner at BEIJING MINGDUN LAW FIRMEmail: zhu.yingying@mdlaw.cnDate: October 12, 2024 IntroductionUnder the Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China (the “PIPL”), “sensitive personal information” (the “SPI”) is defined as “the kind of ‘personal information’ (the “PI”) that the leakage or illegal use of which could easily lead to the violation of personal dignity of data subject or harm to the data subject’s personal or property safety, including, but not limited to, information on biometric i...
2024
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Author: Yingying Zhu, Partner at BEIJING MINGDUN LAW FIRMEmail: zhu.yingying@mdlaw.cnDate: July 24, 2024With the flourishing of AI technology, works created by AI could outpace and exceed those done by humans in many aspects, as AI is being trained using deep learning algorithms to analyze vast amounts of data and to learn patterns, styles, and structures, while human brains normally cannot compete in that depth of training. While people around the world are enthusiastic about the continued pushing-back of boundaries for literary and artistic creations by AI, in t...
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Author: Yingying Zhu, Partner at BEIJING MINGDUN LAW FIRMEmail: zhu.yingying@mdlaw.cnDate: February 21, 2024Introduction There is a motto that you might be told as a kid: no one is born a winner; everyone is born a chooser-making choices as to who you want to be. However, when you grow up, you find that, sometimes with great frustration, this motto might not be true because some people are born with a sliver spoon in mouth while others are not as lucky. In the commercial world, there are products who are born winners-those with a Geographical Indication (hereinafter, the “GI”) which is a ...
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